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Land / Food component

Agriculture, crops and land cover — represented through the energy-modelling abstraction and bounded by the CLEWs land-use constraints.

CLEWs · Land / Food

The 'L' (and the food system)

The land/food subsystem represents how British Columbia's land is allocated among crops and competing uses, and the agricultural inputs that go with them. The clever design choice in this CLEWs implementation is that land is modelled with the same primitives as energy: a parcel of land is a TECHNOLOGY, the way it is used (which crop, which practice) is a MODE_OF_OPERATION, and crop products and land area flow as FUEL commodities.

This is the literal CLEWs extension over plain OSeMOSYS: the variable TotalAnnualTechnologyActivityByMode plus constraints LU1–LU4 bound land-use activity per mode in level (max/min area) and in year-on-year rate of change (how fast a land use may expand or contract).

Crops & land commodities in the base model

From the wiki naming conventions and FUEL.csv:

ALF AlfalfaWHE WheatRAP Rapeseed OAT OatBRL BarleyPEA Dry pea MAI MaizeRYE RyePWT White potato

Land and sector tags: LND LandAGR Agricultural sectorCRP… Crop commodityBIO Biomass

Couplings

ToLinkage
WaterIrrigation demand (AGRWATBC1) — crops draw surface/groundwater
EnergyAgricultural energy inputs: AGRDSL, AGRNGS, AGRELCB02; bioenergy crops feed energy supply
ClimateFarm machinery and land conversion emissions via EmissionActivityRatio

Base-model specifics (BC)

Land data comes from the GAEZ (Global Agro-Ecological Zoning) model via agglomerative hierarchical clustering of land with similar achievable yield. BC is split into 7 clustered zones; 9 crops covering ~90% of production (alfalfa, barley, maize, oat, pea, potato, rapeseed, rye, wheat) are explicit, the rest grouped as "other".

  • Land unit = 1000 km² (BC ≈ 925 units); farmland generic operational life 15 years.
  • Each crop appears as irrigated vs rain-fed × low / intermediate / high input intensity (see codes like LWHEIIBC1 wheat · irrigated · intermediate).
  • Land-use intensity (km²/PJ, avg): nuclear 0.03, wind 0.38, gas 0.60, solar PV 4.35, hydro 21.8, biomass 293 — used in electrification sensitivity analysis.
  • Growth in cropland/built-up land follows BC's ~1.1% population growth.